LANGUAGE AND THE BRAIN...
The human brain consists of several anatomically distinct regions. The largest part is the cerebrum, which is
divided into two great lobes of similar size - the left and right cerebral hemispheres. The hemispheres are connected to the spinal cord by the brain stem, which consists  of the mid-brain, the pons, and the medulla
oblongata. At the back of the pons is the cerebellum,  which is responsible for the maintenance of body posture
and the smooth coordination of all movements. Most research has focused on the structure and function
of the cerebrum, especially on its surface layer of grey matter (nerve cells), the cerebral cortex, which is
the area primarily involved in the control of voluntary movement and intellectual functions, and in the
decoding of information from the senses. Beneath the cortex is a body of white matter (fibre tracts), which
transmits signals between the different parts of each hemisphere, and between the cortex and the brain
stem. A notable feature is that the surface of the cortex is not smooth, but has folded in on itself, to produce a
series of convolutions, or gyri, which are separated by fissures,  or sulci.
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